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Battle For Cherbourg, France 25 June 1944 |
After the 18 June return to Plymouth, England,
TEXAS would be involved in one more combat role in Northern France, the
capture of Cherbourg. As the Allied army in France increased in size, the ability to supply the force through the Normandy beachhead was inadequate. The closest port for supply entry was Cherbourg on the northern coast of the Carentan Peninsula. To support the army assault on the city, the Navy was to provide gunfire support |
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The Attack Plan |
The plan called for NEVADA, with gun range almost that of the German range of 40,000 yards, to knock out Battery 2.
TEXAS, ARKANSAS and 5 destroyers would then enter FSA 3 (Fire Support Area) from the east via FSA 2.
Last Minute Change |
On 25 June, Task Group 129.2 departed Portland, England for the Cherbourg area. At 0955, the group entered FSA 2. At the same the Group commander, Admiral C.F. Bryant, received a flash message that NEVADA had been diverted to Cherbourg and would not attack the 280mm guns. The group would have to get past German guns that could fire about twice as far. At 1114, the group moved into Approach Channel 3 and closer to the German guns. The group was forced to move at a slow speed behind minesweeper, making the group easy targets for the Germans.
The Battle Begins |
Captain Charles Baker, BB35 Captain,
kept his position on the Navigation Bridge. The ship's captain was to be in the
Conning Tower during battle due to it's armor protection but visibility was poor
due it's lower elevation and the restricted openings in the view port. He
constantly dashed from one side to the other observing German shell splashes and
determining course and-or speed changes. LeGrande Moody, BB35 Chaplin, was also on the bridge. He was the eyes and ears for the crew because most of them were below the main deck and could not see the situation. The Chaplain would keep the crew informed via the ship-wide public address system about what he could see and hear. Chaplin Moody on the Navigation Bridge during Cherbourg At 1208, ARKANSAS fired at a target spotted by a shore fire control party. There was no German counter fire At 1229, the Germans begin firing and immediately the destroyers BARTON and LAFFEY are hit and TEXAS is straddled. Serving aboard the BARTON was the actor Robert Montgomery. The LAFFEY, in the Pacific in 1945, was attacked by 21 kamikaze airplanes but stays afloat. At 1351 the destroyer O'BRIEN was hit but remained in action. |
1st of 3 hits at 1234 |
At 1234, a
6" shell struck TEXAS on the port side below the waterline. The shell did not
penetrate the side and exploded in the water. The resulting geyser sent water 80
feet up to the Admiral's bridge. Fragments of other shells also struck |
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Firing #5 and #5 turrets | Near Misses | |
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2nd of 3 Hits at 1316 | ||
It was immediately following a course change that TEXAS was hit at 1316. Captain
Baker was outside the Bridge on one of the observation wings and was knocked
down to the deck but not wounded. He shifted control to the Executive Officer in
the Conning Tower and firing continued without interruption. Shortly
after being hit, TEXAS did destroy one of the four German guns. The other 3 guns
continued to fire. The medical staff were dealing with sever trauma and massive blood loss. On hand though was 250 pints of live blood given by the crew in preparation for battle casualties. For the family of Christen Christensen, everyone aboard gave to a collection with no one being allowed to give more then $1. |
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Pilot House | ||
Of the seven wounded in the Pilot House, one died shortly after, the helmsman Christen Christensen. A cikkectuin was taken for the family with everyone giving, not no one was allowed to give more then $1. Per BB35 veteran Clyde Sain | ||
Fire Control Booth Aft space in the Conning Tower |
On the deck is part of the gun director, which crashed to the deck when the 280mm shell sheared off the external section when the shell hit the top of the Conning Tower. The Gunnery Officer was injured when struck by the director |
3rd of 3 Hits - Time Unknown |
At 1500, the engagement was broken off and the Group returned to Portland, England, arriving on the 26th. Just before disengagement, an unexploded 240mm shell was discovered at 1447, frame 19, half deck, port side, in Stateroom 20, quarters for a Warrant Officer. The horizontal line below entry point is the torpedo blister, which is the upper edge of the lower casemate armor. |
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After The Battle |
Arriving in Portland, England, on the 25th, the shell was removed. After being deactivated, it is brought back and still there today.
Below is a letter from the EOD (Explosive Ordinance Disposal) officer who deactivated the shell.
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After shell is deactivated back aboard. Left: Admiral Bryant Right: Captain Baker |
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BB35 left Portland on the 26th entering Plymouth the same day. The next day TEXAS went into Devonport Dockyard, in Plymouth, for battle repairs till July 4th. Departed Plymouth on 4 July, and entered Belfast, Northern Ireland the next day . |
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240mm Shell Deactivation |
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